*Kaolin* = white clay, also called "china clay" or "kao"
It’s one of the most useful clays we have in Nigeria.
# *1. What is Kaolin?*
A soft, white, non-toxic clay made mainly of the mineral _kaolinite_.
Formula: $Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$
It forms when feldspar in granite rocks weathers over millions of years.
*Key property*: Low plasticity, high heat resistance, very white when fired.
# *2. Key Properties*
**Property** **Detail**
**Color** White to off-white. Pink/brown if impure
**Texture** Fine, smooth, powdery
**Temp resistance** Up to ~1750°C - good for refractory use
**pH** Neutral, non-reactive
**Taste** Earthy/chalky - which is why people eat it
# *3. Main Uses*
1. *Ceramics & Pottery* - Makes porcelain, tiles, sanitary ware. Gives whiteness
2. *Refractory* - Mixed