How it works
1. A transmitter converts electrical signals into light signals.
2. The light travels through the fiber by total internal reflection.
3. A receiver converts the light back into electrical signals.
Types of Fiber Optic Cables
* Single-mode fiber (SMF): Long-distance communication, high bandwidth, small core.
* Multimode fiber (MMF): Shorter distances, larger core, commonly used in buildings and campuses.