Solar Panel (Photovoltaic Cell): Converts sunlight into electrical energy.
Rechargeable Battery: Stores energy for nighttime use (Li-ion or NiCd).
LED Bulbs: Energy-efficient, long-lasting light source (10,000-50,000 hours).
Light Sensor (Photocell): Automatically turns the light on at dusk and off at dawn.
Smart Controller: Manages charging (MPPT controllers improve efficiency) and power distribution.